C Arrays and Strings

An array stores elements of the same type in contiguous memory. A string in C is a char array terminated by the null character '\0'.

Array: Bubble Sort

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int a[] = {64, 25, 12, 22, 11}, n = 5;
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < n - 1 - i; j++)
            if (a[j] > a[j + 1]) {
                int t = a[j]; a[j] = a[j + 1]; a[j + 1] = t;
            }
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) printf("%d ", a[i]);
    return 0;
}

11 12 22 25 64

String Functions (string.h)

Function	Purpose
`strlen(s)`	Length (excluding '\0')
`strcpy(d, s)`	Copy s into d
`strcat(d, s)`	Append s to d
`strcmp(a, b)`	0 if equal, <0 or >0 otherwise
`strrev(s)`	Reverse (non-standard, not in GCC)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main() {
    char s[50] = "Hello";
    strcat(s, " World");
    printf("%s has %zu chars\n", s, strlen(s));
    printf("cmp = %d\n", strcmp("abc", "abc"));
    return 0;
}

Hello World has 11 chars cmp = 0

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